Gender Development Index
HDI measures the achievement of human development in general but has not presented gender achievements and disparities, therefore the Central Bureau of Statistics also makes other indicators to measure the achievement of the same dimensions and variables as the HDI, but reveals the achievements of men and women in the Gender Development Index (IPG )
The East Belitung Regency GPA in 2018 is at 86.08 or is ranked 6th out of 7 districts / cities in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. GPA is calculated based on the ratio between male HDI and HDI for women, therefore GPA is more ideal if the value is close to 100. Number 86.08 itself means that the achievement of women's development is still below men and the number of GPA above 100 means the opposite, women's development higher than male development. In the Province of Bangka Belitung Islands, the highest GPA was in Pangkalpinang City with a score of 92.94.
Similar to HDI, GPA describes development in 3 basic human dimensions, with indicators of Life Expectancy, Average length of school, Old School Expectations and Per Capita Expenditure, if we are operating on the 4 indicators based on sex, conditions in East Belitung Regency it is illustrated that the life expectancy of women is higher than that of men with a value of 73.46 in the range of 69.58; The expectation of the length of school for girls is higher than for men with a value of 11.65 compared to 11.49; The average length of schooling for women is lower than that of men with a value of 7.85 compared to 8.38 and the largest inequality is in the expenditure per capita with a value of 17,529 (thousand) for men and 6,761 (thousand) for women. In general, the HDI of women in East Belitung Regency is at 64.39 compared to 74.80 for male HDI.
Women's per capita expenditure is not large enough
From the description of the indicators above, it can be seen that there is a very large difference between per capita expenditure on men and women. The per capita expenditure is derived from the results of the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas) where all household expenditures are recorded, both food and non-food expenditures for all household members divided by household members, this means that there is a significant difference in household expenditure issued to men compared to women, this also resulted in the HDI rate for women lower than the HDI for men which affected the GPA value of 86.08 (below 100), which was quite low considering that the number was ranked 6 from 7 districts / cities in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This should be the main concern in addressing the issue of gender equality in East Belitung Regency because 3 other indicators show insignificant differences between men and women.
Written by :
Syahroni, SST
Head of IPDS Section of BPS Belitung Timur Regency
